El Capitan に PostgreSQL をインストールする

はじめに

Mac の El Capitan に PostgreSQL をインストールしたのですが、 Ubuntu と違い、デーモンの登録まで自動ではやってくれないので、戸惑ったためメモしました。

また、自分は /usr/local をすでに作っていたのですが、作ってない場合は、少し面倒になりますので、　Homebrew のドキュメントを参考にしてください。

Homebrew でインストール

PostgreSQL 8.x がインストールされている場合は、brew uninstall postgres でアンインストールします。/usr/local/var/postgres に書き込み権限があるかを確認し、ない場合は sudo chown -R whoami /usr/local/var/postgres でオーナー権限を取得します。

$ brew install postgres
Warning: You are using OS X 10.11.
We do not provide support for this pre-release version.
You may encounter build failures or other breakage.
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/postgresql-9.4.4.el_capitan
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/postgresql-9.4.4.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring postgresql-9.4.4.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
If builds of PostgreSQL 9 are failing and you have version 8.x installed,
you may need to remove the previous version first. See:
  https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/issues/2510

To migrate existing data from a previous major version (pre-9.4) of PostgreSQL, see:
  https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/upgrading.html

To have launchd start postgresql at login:
  ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/postgresql/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
Then to load postgresql now:
  launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist
Or, if you don't want/need launchctl, you can just run:
  postgres -D /usr/local/var/postgres
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.4.4: 3014 files, 40M

リポジトリの初期化

$ initdb -D /usr/local/var/postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user <USERNAME>.
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "ja_JP.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "ja_JP.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /usr/local/var/postgres ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
creating configuration files ... ok
creating template1 database in /usr/local/var/postgres/base/1 ... ok
initializing pg_authid ... ok
initializing dependencies ... ok
creating system views ... ok
loading system objects' descriptions ... ok
creating collations ... ok
creating conversions ... ok
creating dictionaries ... ok
setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok
creating information schema ... ok
loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok
vacuuming database template1 ... ok
copying template1 to template0 ... ok
copying template1 to postgres ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    postgres -D /usr/local/var/postgres/
or
    pg_ctl -D /usr/local/var/postgres/ -l logfile start

ユーザー作成

ここでは postgres というユーザーを作成します。

$ createuser -P postgres
Enter password for new role:
Enter it again:

データベース作成

ここでは sample_dev というデータベースを postgres をオーナーとして作成します。

$ createdb sample_dev -O postgres

起動

一時的に使用するなら、コマンドラインから起動します。CTRL+C で停止します。

$ postgres -D /usr/local/var/postgres/

デーモンに登録する場合は、launchd を使用します。

$ ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.4.4/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist  ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist
$ launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist

確認

$ psql -l
                                 List of databases
    Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |  Access privileges
------------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+---------------------
 postgres   | <USERNAME>  | UTF8     | ja_JP.UTF-8 | ja_JP.UTF-8 |
 sample_dev | postgres | UTF8     | ja_JP.UTF-8 | ja_JP.UTF-8 |
 template0  | <USERNAME>  | UTF8     | ja_JP.UTF-8 | ja_JP.UTF-8 | =c/<USERNAME>         +
            |          |          |             |             | <USERNAME>=CTc/<USERNAME>
 template1  | <USERNAME>  | UTF8     | ja_JP.UTF-8 | ja_JP.UTF-8 | =c/<USERNAME>         +
            |          |          |             |             | <USERNAME>=CTc/<USERNAME>
(4 rows)

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